Instruments Used for Environmental Policy (2018 Edition)

Data by Provider
Example Queries

Reset

OECD

>> Data by provider

Instruments Used for Environmental Policy (2018 Edition)

Variable

Sector

Time

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

Country

Australia

^(ei)

1.8617342938793

^(ei)

1.7931586747313

^(ei)

2.0732363896614

^(ei)

2.0776725912335

^(ei)

1.9111832639772

^(ei)

1.8154205182764

^(ei)

1.7689759419887

Austria

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.829013391058

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.9096320275698

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.8756537792426

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.8571556035451

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.875425545439

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.7271582790631

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.7104829427603

Belgium

^(ei)

2.2063788885699

^(ei)

2.2491844357796

^(ei)

2.145780060823

^(ei)

2.0722852342634

^(ei)

2.0872212711382

^(ei)

2.0908294681646

^(ei)

2.1550260920379

Canada

^(ei)

1.1713852356408

^(ei)

1.1432913747141

^(ei)

1.1334143723334

^(ei)

1.1216603781637

^(ei)

1.0904069769277

Czech Republic

2.451049582196

2.3791473425387

2.3353372821613

2.259824907015

2.2339072500087

2.1442243685772

2.1505455362042

Denmark

^(e)	4.1183404569516

^(e)	4.134872957402

^(e)	4.0385709073114

^(e)	4.0472730404885

^(e)	4.0148180890442

^(e)	4.0068880602779

^(e)	4.0001321332574

Finland

^(e)	2.7255665756669

^(e)	3.0670481070855

^(e)	3.0305248299434

^(e)	2.9793664008695

^(e)	2.9537481985802

^(ei)

2.9230417131292

^(ei)

3.1189567738172

France

^(ei)

2.0974429445043

^(ei)

2.1380325368976

^(ei)

2.1530528995988

^(ei)

2.2388350171705

^(ei)

2.1903173705188

^(ei)

2.2031846012949

Germany

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.1419268856361

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.1814053179988

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.1231501691087

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.0609007364642

⁽ⁱ⁾	1.9989789061162

⁽ⁱ⁾	1.9195314615134

^(ei)

1.8959913579346

Greece

2.4850523200229

2.7005893216927

2.9021372306368

2.8872827652287

2.9497951595634

Hungary

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.8916429122738

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.7751024689337

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.8877875656732

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.7257279167773

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.3790373102901

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.5801600751383

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.6961808955637

Iceland

^(e)	2.0858969225637

^(e)	2.0874462534756

^(e)	2.1722316586913

^(ei)

2.0307166053554

^(ei)

2.0090806835683

^(ei)

1.9063624775573

^(ei)

1.9077502792906

Ireland

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.4215266537206

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.4509369178637

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.3618030875159

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.4530646596648

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.3712469150873

⁽ⁱ⁾	1.635522238565

⁽ⁱ⁾	1.5283798673684

Italy

^(ei)

2.8433841114898

^(ei)

3.0916914680041

^(ei)

3.523625810878

^(ei)

3.4731062362328

^(ei)

3.6164318960942

^(ei)

3.4267588454056

^(ei)

3.5350443514412

Japan

⁽ⁱ⁾	1.5324353862619

⁽ⁱ⁾	1.5263628248079

⁽ⁱ⁾	1.5074539678921

^(ei)

1.4723323009195

^(ei)

1.4003594941124

^(ei)

1.3564978870323

^(ei)

1.3535326536585

Korea

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.6282829496012

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.4865691852563

^(e)	2.6080080273733

2.5477846631501

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.5957114027092

Luxembourg

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.4002599375579

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.3708826101035

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.3773944244081

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.1749405646609

⁽ⁱ⁾	1.9651979463155

⁽ⁱ⁾	1.8513054979271

⁽ⁱ⁾	1.7749262834564

Mexico

^(e)	-0.1718695651602

^(e)	-0.79646303978953

^(ei)

-1.0805098848575

^(ei)

-0.30493166125562

^(ei)

0.13654014554991

^(ei)

1.4105828619958

^(ei)

1.6065448003607

Netherlands

^(e)	3.5913805747056

^(e)	3.5077433491499

^(e)	3.3148587078275

^(e)	3.3667842734365

^(e)	3.4332699832155

3.4676650014035

^(e)	3.4842522862523

New Zealand

^(e)	1.332653399135

^(e)	1.2988296833709

^(e)	1.3060096291279

^(e)	1.3201782644924

^(e)	1.3530661743925

^(e)	1.3974471894974

^(e)	1.3362511039636

Norway

^(e)	2.4654754098407

^(e)	2.3200388651992

^(e)	2.1937783506918

^(e)	2.1576484731125

^(e)	2.1455679056751

^(e)	2.2143803345769

^(e)	2.2746316958757

Poland

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.1077749155858

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.032155473389

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.1367721076157

2.0959240745019

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.0387448247193

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.0151696130134

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.0173875133833

Portugal

^(ei)

2.429131613612

^(ei)

2.3254506805467

^(ei)

2.1653478092658

^(ei)

2.2099387758521

^(ei)

2.2728944723617

^(ei)

2.414572423045

^(ei)

2.5857529790983

Slovak Republic

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.0111229077049

^(ei)

1.9945714109658

^(ei)

1.8901948841726

^(e)	1.9006040558485

^(e)	1.9622491558969

1.9604504195345

⁽ⁱ⁾	1.9910566975926

Spain

^(e)	1.7504382231967

^(e)	1.6989319435507

^(e)	1.7170823965446

^(e)	1.9577586224697

^(e)	1.8658233081395

^(e)	1.9266808807355

^(e)	1.8379610940105

Sweden

^(ei)

2.5943397356359

^(e)	2.4053915948643

^(ei)

2.4033327092324

^(e)	2.3625238607783

^(ei)

2.2038233890802

^(ei)

2.2117880192032

^(ei)

2.2248446161059

Switzerland

^(e)	1.6869894548457

^(e)	1.6547424670757

^(e)	1.6466151105964

^(e)	1.6086607770538

^(e)	1.59733521921

^(e)	1.551513880346

^(e)	1.5625962539328

Turkey

3.7296101772014

3.4811614365893

3.2760344959716

3.5153085905577

3.2704385107517

3.3163991178964

3.2791140563234

United Kingdom

^(e)	2.4955389800062

^(e)	2.4766545230561

^(e)	2.46659522294

^(e)	2.4947616165041

^(e)	2.4740615235466

^(ei)

2.4473305776164

^(ei)

2.4338756133145

United States

^(ei)

0.73894060882555

^(ei)

0.73731352813755

^(ei)

0.72673874770044

^(ei)

0.70653431655028

^(ei)

0.69272124319469

^(ei)

0.6777410877615

^(ei)

0.66497675285376

Non-OECD Economies

Argentina

^(ei)

1.1725524695151

^(ei)

1.0876178609052

^(ei)

1.2493609776699

^(ei)

1.2185534096942

^(ei)

1.2497779195556

^(ei)

1.2459701493082

^(e)	1.2163938860922

Bahamas

1.1504946254393

1.6542207003367

1.561289004317

2.073612570591

1.8192630984605

2.0119431360895

1.8433012889785

Belize

0.91750093795375

0.93700035767824

0.93577917229951

0.92742144405634

0.9166904543916

0.9118205367377

1.0239832708096

Bolivia

1.6236378649506

1.4944815158592

1.3351046127129

1.3451587860867

1.3193209514875

1.3585848704976

1.470794094207

Brazil

⁽ⁱ⁾	0.633575919072

⁽ⁱ⁾	0.64780340322963

Bulgaria

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.7505715003138

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.6824952068893

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.6685430656221

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.7959086174123

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.7309693135662

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.9057057087735

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.7723986652655

Cameroon

0.7007478726064

0.66501357455594

0.70727508755082

0.73801699404294

0.74274506732141

0.62084840275203

Cabo Verde

0.19282362018648

0.35873967480943

0.36088665468532

0.37136679757826

0.36157872157727

0.37476609779523

China (People's Republic of)

^(ei)

1.4245104577233

^(ei)

1.3528678461873

^(ei)

1.3859845548337

^(ei)

0.75991044500451

^(ei)

0.70043347169952

Colombia

⁽ⁱ⁾	0.92050027114805

⁽ⁱ⁾	0.92028183988829

Costa Rica

2.3032783570147

2.2561275460725

2.1152556615592

2.2656863591254

2.1623886222867

2.2661616334695

2.2456636023783

Côte d'Ivoire

0.10069446397712

0.01943969814053

0.10035152984201

0.10721904877147

0.1056729750044

0.11280139550832

Croatia

⁽ⁱ⁾	1.4765942059541

⁽ⁱ⁾	1.477649198966

⁽ⁱ⁾	1.4417525966936

⁽ⁱ⁾	1.4595373962042

⁽ⁱ⁾	1.6458856141114

⁽ⁱ⁾	1.7075448244855

⁽ⁱ⁾	1.793888411947

Cyprus

2.7689815466076

2.7646885546819

2.5782828943323

2.7231900956184

3.0489844536546

2.9608822716827

2.9452609965042

Democratic Republic of the Congo

1.1849554880081

0.92035475708616

1.2247554427368

1.1475130123021

0.62001210711935

0.74361951907052

Dominican Republic

2.1970687970942

2.2422391037746

2.1880140943113

2.0053738556148

1.9693530016349

1.4410663203373

1.504965120517

Ecuador

⁽ⁱ⁾	0.85677360086845

⁽ⁱ⁾	0.94119625310501

^(e)	1.9413403566643

^(e)	1.8432948841085

^(e)	1.8037384759667

1.6979176829931

1.5369038973253

El Salvador

0.48473887779746

0.44686816260983

0.44219710962051

0.4381904094891

0.43742292369846

0.48898128919112

0.51558503357518

Ghana

0.63684785354574

0.81507690159268

0.81426359133348

0.65399543741496

0.59339562209216

1.7495309044263

Guatemala

0.80571848285347

0.7233458308845

0.76177469268063

0.90461526759845

0.82911074866855

0.92803491691521

0.94783018903644

Guyana

0.57793956713386

0.52206778820039

0.49843158274466

0.51946069094085

0.52648643171749

0.42957508834397

0.40843844753809

Honduras

2.1010003775751

1.8449214656756

1.9178162251905

2.0486567875504

2.1660090986876

2.2634430374661

2.3655267974811

India

⁽ⁱ⁾	0.98973473164224

^(ei)

0.87976630276697

Jamaica

0.63232315465758

0.74307418261373

0.67826494580918

0.92131259316622

0.92932193124299

0.91926624279422

1.0713360889411

Kazakhstan

4.6202437213431

4.4355439697654

4.2162442101015

3.4709580915617

3.1533276627983

1.7534798946796

Kenya

2.4552659560056

⁽ⁱ⁾	2.1109877850329

⁽ⁱ⁾	1.8221825498416

1.7851769845754

2.1671800531365

1.9428715102206

Malaysia

0.24505924244419

0.2406406275292

0.23577814178877

0.2367923441154

0.22965485619609

0.22786107073285

Malta

^(e)	2.8884473725575

^(ei)

3.0887899386242

^(ei)

2.8679456657281

^(ei)

2.6925209351771

^(ei)

2.8254380174515

^(ei)

2.8140351067602

^(ei)

2.7019344183665

Mauritius

^(e)	2.3416579904612

^(e)	2.5577426746933

^(e)	2.635208445722

^(e)	2.4487307121497

^(e)	2.6402202153863

^(e)	2.5484303612297

Morocco

^(e)	1.9874800052854

^(e)	2.1082919504185

^(e)	2.0002544195569

^(ei)

1.9949651515672

^(ei)

2.0576742484586

Nicaragua

1.4537832255052

1.2415425077717

1.2364983502261

1.269989431864

1.2901717765073

1.2953111465604

1.3380781979515

Niger

1.0675825244729

⁽ⁱ⁾	1.2281360716952

1.325605280913

1.1736701686541

1.0254897959842

⁽ⁱ⁾	1.0143092133807

Panama

0.33229227455519

0.2622227821262

⁽ⁱ⁾	0.5864325108461

⁽ⁱ⁾	0.5766347792865

⁽ⁱ⁾	0.62317352133218

⁽ⁱ⁾	0.78601491410857

⁽ⁱ⁾	0.80523240760917

Paraguay

1.2950674466075

1.3285316127019

1.4035296243596

^(e)	1.1444025108332

^(ei)

1.3000557342575

1.3197080637799

1.2483203633823

Peru

^(e)	0.66580214719964

^(e)	0.56889117792213

^(e)	0.52548066322717

^(e)	0.56461010770047

^(e)	0.47038613392451

^(e)	0.46739866501122

^(e)	0.47071278351452

Philippines

0.24639362029428

0.31812880362997

0.26104315998089

0.23022235717809

0.22648866977869

0.22231577149885

Romania

2.1082333999504

1.9409764815609

1.9716064564415

2.0097273603727

2.3291512642943

2.4311715924346

2.3242303404041

Rwanda

1.4503616594146

1.533838822231

1.2830370184552

1.2623632443316

1.179239095009

1.3509007407609

Senegal

1.1887263253869

1.2270734482407

1.2543089370173

1.0639706399073

1.6704848193248

1.6632664080791

Singapore

0.21283560134279

0.19183670340509

0.17981792021982

0.1642563722078

0.17175665318838

0.23807736692356

South Africa

^(ei)

1.833547553101

^(ei)

2.0798332056953

^(ei)

1.6087121529553

^(ei)

1.6890838303879

^(ei)

1.6587044163647

^(ei)

1.5483901902414

Eswatini

0.56121149781437

0.70338574557282

1.0769248269711

1.3644475950381

1.3243149871669

1.4324799417083

Togo

0.72974119613383

0.71925592378516

0.7065416813765

3.2610234536203

1.6659362692994

1.3733930670879

Trinidad and Tobago

0.3400940067829

0.32489857419589

0.37818727742099

0.37579368970024

0.37531264307246

0.42955402945407

0.48464182404619

Tunisia

1.3082476001324

1.1121779663324

1.1804735468043

1.1541964713645

1.1796387579713

1.2610762195472

Uganda

1.9052894726238

1.8955787717784

1.6646607305441

1.3567851539799

1.5547967078295

1.6854281576722

Uruguay

1.5831012056204

1.6483616879434

1.6044690083773

1.6477362575866

1.6933152938065

1.7621319317569

1.7320188852649

Venezuela

0.98143155866879

1.2161908779331

1.3989710779985

1.1252027929126

2.2301301778692

Serbia

3.3306356963427

3.3097405821562

3.1538190642604

3.3941254846258

3.9670607350819

4.2094366420239

4.4776605737875

Chile

^(ei)

1.0419697784639

^(ei)

1.0940322780034

^(ei)

1.1454817320608

^(ei)

1.1516373549689

^(ei)

1.228280068999

^(ei)

1.2056111864089

^(ei)

1.2339599365886

Estonia

^(e)	2.9405702538636

^(e)	2.7312815333454

^(e)	2.739018431922

^(e)	2.5704778486835

^(e)	2.7567086488921

^(e)	2.5397645674091

^(ei)

2.8759938439664

Israel

^(ei)

3.2796867651862

^(e)	3.1774638337382

^(ei)

2.9900711590833

^(ei)

2.8258065735476

^(ei)

2.9441868766992

Latvia

3.3382922186331

⁽ⁱ⁾	3.0599463703785

⁽ⁱ⁾	3.1026640726499

⁽ⁱ⁾	3.5026935771167

⁽ⁱ⁾	3.7837023938089

⁽ⁱ⁾	3.8391677298601

⁽ⁱ⁾	3.8240360886671

Lithuania

⁽ⁱ⁾	1.8275421619089

⁽ⁱ⁾	1.7339020258103

⁽ⁱ⁾	1.7036211652228

⁽ⁱ⁾	1.7482181290792

⁽ⁱ⁾	1.8001299264047

^(ei)

1.8476790442494

^(ei)

1.9341958038452

Slovenia

3.5609622143024

3.5890328380778

4.0398346274255

⁽ⁱ⁾	3.9828097443697

⁽ⁱ⁾	3.9086340589246

⁽ⁱ⁾	3.9454181774676

⁽ⁱ⁾	3.9468463507718

OECD - Total

1.6255060212514

1.5991416149858

1.5883144942452

1.6180488155382

1.6053370966327

^(e)	1.6281527435817

^(e)	1.6293495056631

OECD - Europe

2.4817150287773

2.4949918167322

2.5101098756929

2.5428485609238

2.5033588850825

^(e)	2.4665653414174

^(e)	2.4660970164904

OECD Asia Oceania

1.8503345875793

1.8118670950535

1.8591322380158

1.8230698266559

1.7785160075876

^(e)	1.7254752692991

^(e)	1.7010448447347

OECD America

0.68969765417062

0.62612459127597

0.58820117712383

0.64755045329931

0.6782280271204

^(e)	0.7888352668644

^(e)	0.79817759476059

Legend:

e	Estimated value
i	Incomplete data

Data extracted on 27 Apr 2024 07:23 UTC (GMT) from UKDS.Stat

Information

To find metadata information, click on the

next to the title of the table or next to any item in the table for which metadata information is available.

Combine Queries

This dataset preview is momentarily unavailable.

Instruments Used for Environmental Policy (2018 Edition)

Information